Questions – Challenges of Headache Treatment in Children and Adolescents with Refractory Headache

In this article by Patnyiyot et al., what was the change in mean number of headache days per month in patients receiving candesartan? 

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14666

In this article by Patnyiyot et al., which headache diagnoses saw the most change after using candesartan?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14666

In this article by Patnyiyot et al., which side effect was not observed in this retrospective analysis of candesartan use in adolescents for migraine prevention?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14666

In this article by Lindsay et al., in the included Class I evidence study, what doses of onabotulinumtoxinA were compared to saline placebo?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14798

In this article by Lindsay et al., which of the following side effects was not reported in the included class 1 evidence study?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14798

In this article by Lindsay et al., in the meta-analysis, which of the following statements best summarizes the authors’ conclusions on the use of onabotulinumtoxinA injections compared to placebo?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14798

In this article by Rizvi et al., which factors were not adjusted for in this prospective longitudinal clinical cohort study?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14701

In this article by Rizvi et al., in the post-hoc analyses, what association was found?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14701

In this article by Rizvi et al., what was the percentage of participants who were diagnosed with chronic migraine at baseline?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14701

In this article by Orr et al., what percentage of patients with migraine during childhood will have symptoms during adulthood?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14779

In this article by Orr et al., how did the anxiety and depression symptom scores differ between parents with migraine with an adolescent with and without migraine?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14779

Based on this article by Orr et al., which of the following statements about the heritability of migraine is true?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14779

In this article by Morozova et al., which of the following patient groups had the highest response rate to their first greater occipital nerve block?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.15003

Based on this article by Morozova et al., which of the following patients would be considered to have refractory migraine?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.15003

In this article by Morozova et al., where were greater occipital nerve blocks administered?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.15003

In this article by Adam et al., adolescents with continuous headache and with migraine have sleep-related difficulties. Which of the following was not a sleep-related difficulty consistently found in this study?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14990

In this article by Adam et al., what type of relationship was found between sleep disturbances and headache burden?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14990

In this article by Adam et al., medication use was not controlled for in the analysis. Which limitation does this introduce?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14990

In this article by Orak et al., the authors explored whether there were significant differences in the average neuropeptide levels of SP, PACAP-38, VIP, and CGRP during the interictal and ictal period of participants with migraine. Which of the following findings is true when compared to healthy control?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14981

In this article by Orak et al., CGRP measurements could be influenced by: 

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14981

In this article by Orak et al., serum levels of CGRP, PACAP-38, VIP, and substance P (SP) were compared in children with and without migraine. What type of study design is used?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14981

In this article by Yousaf et al., what is the main finding?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14979

In this article by Yousaf et al., what are possible reasons no analysis was completed for headache severity or duration compared to baseline?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14979

This study by Yousaf et al. was a single-center retrospective review. What is a major limitation of this type of study?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14979

In this article by Murphy et al., which of the following was NOT investigated?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14849

In this article by Murphy et al., which of the following was associated with greater headache-related disability?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14849

In this article by Murphy et al., which of the following individuals would be expected to have the greatest headache-related disability?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14849

In the article by Treadwell et al., which of the following was associated with a significant increase in migraine-specific quality of life score for adults with migraine?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14914

In this article by Treadwell et al., authors investigated the therapeutic role of each of the following headache interventions EXCEPT:

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14914

In this article by Treadwell et al., which of the following were noted to influence limitations of the study?

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14914